N-Hexane: Properties, Uses, and Safety

N-hexane is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H14. It's a colorless liquid that is highly flammable and volatile, with a slight odor. N-hexane is commonly used as a solvent in industrial applications, such as oil extraction and cleaning products. In this article, we'll explore the properties, uses, and safety considerations of n-hexane.

Properties of N-Hexane

N-hexane has several physical and chemical properties that make it useful in various industries.

Physical Properties

• Appearance: Colorless liquid
• Odor: Slight odor
• Melting point: -95°C
• Boiling point: 69°C
• Density: 0.659 g/cm³
• Solubility: Insoluble in water

Chemical Properties

• Formula: C6H14
• Molar mass: 86.18 g/mol
• Flash point: -22°C
• Autoignition temperature: 234°C
• Vapor pressure: 150 mmHg at 20°C

Uses of N-Hexane

N-hexane has a wide range of applications in various industries. Here are some of the most common uses:

Solvent

N-hexane is widely used as a solvent in various applications, such as:

• Oil extraction: N-hexane is used to extract oil from vegetable and animal sources.
• Industrial cleaning: N-hexane is used to clean machinery and equipment in industrial settings.
• Adhesives: N-hexane is used as a solvent in the production of adhesives and sealants.

Chemical Synthesis

N-hexane is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of various compounds, such as:

• Polystyrene: N-hexane is used in the production of polystyrene foam.
• Nylon: N-hexane is used in the production of nylon fibers and plastics.

Other Uses

N-hexane is also used in various other industries, such as:

• Printing: N-hexane is used in the printing industry as a solvent for ink.
• Food industry: N-hexane is used to decaffeinate coffee and tea.
• Laboratory: N-hexane is used as a solvent in laboratory applications.

Safety Considerations

N-hexane can be hazardous if not handled properly. Here are some safety considerations you should keep in mind:

• N-hexane is highly flammable and can ignite at low temperatures. Store it in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition.
• N-hexane is harmful if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Avoid direct contact with the compound.
• N-hexane can cause eye and skin irritation. Wear appropriate protective equipment when handling the compound.

N-Hexane: FAQs

1. Is n-hexane toxic?

N-hexane is harmful if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Avoid direct contact with the compound.

2. Is n-hexane flammable?

Yes, n-hexane is highly flammable and can ignite at low temperatures. Store it in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition.

3. What is n-hexane used for?

N-hexane is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial applications, such as oil extraction, cleaning products, and adhesives. It is also used as a chemical intermediate in the production of polystyrene and nylon, as well as in the printing and food industries.