CAS : 71-43-2
Formula : C6H6
mol : 78.11
Boiling point: 80°C
Melting point : 5°C
Density : 0.88
P&H codes: H225, H302, H304, H315, H319, H336, H340, H350, H361, H370, H372, H411, P201, P210, P260, P273, P280, P301, P310, P308, P311,P 331, P370, P378, P391, GHS02, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09
WGK 3: highly water endangering
ADR : UN1114
Class : 3
Packing group : II

Benzene

Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. It is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet odor. Benzene is one of the most widely used industrial chemicals, and it is an important building block in the production of a variety of products.

Properties of Benzene

The physical and chemical properties of benzene are as follows:

• Molecular Weight: 78.11 g/mol
• Boiling Point: 80.1°C
• Melting Point: 5.5°C
• Density: 0.8765 g/mL at 25°C
• Flash Point: -11°C
• Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and diethyl ether.

Synthesis of Benzene

Benzene is commonly synthesized from crude oil, where it is present in small amounts. It can also be produced by the pyrolysis of petroleum and coal. One of the most common methods for the synthesis of benzene is the catalytic reforming of naphtha, a liquid hydrocarbon mixture. This method involves subjecting the naphtha to high temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst, resulting in the production of benzene and other aromatic compounds.

Applications of Benzene

Benzene is used in the production of a variety of products, including plastics, synthetic fibers, resins, and rubber. Let's take a closer look at some of the applications of benzene.

Plastics

Benzene is a key building block in the production of plastics such as polystyrene, which is used in a variety of applications, including packaging and insulation.

Synthetic Fibers

Benzene is used in the production of synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester. These fibers are used in a wide range of applications, including clothing, carpets, and upholstery.

Resins

Benzene is used in the production of resins such as phenol-formaldehyde resin and epoxy resin. These resins are used in a variety of applications, including coatings, adhesives, and molded products.

Rubber

Benzene is used in the production of synthetic rubber, which is used in a variety of applications, including tires, hoses, and gaskets.

Health Effects of Benzene

Benzene is a known carcinogen, and prolonged exposure to high levels of benzene can cause cancer. It can also cause other health effects, including anemia, leukemia, and damage to the immune system.

Conclusion

Benzene is a widely used industrial chemical that is an important building block in the production of a variety of products, including plastics, synthetic fibers, resins, and rubber. However, it is important to be aware of the health effects of benzene, including its carcinogenic properties. Appropriate safety measures should be taken when working with benzene to prevent exposure and reduce the risk of adverse health effects.